Process and equipment selection for improving crushing efficiency
The crushing section refers to the process to reduce the size of particles by impacting, shearing and grinding. It is one of the most important basic processes of wood pellet plant. The energy consumption of crushing section accounts for 70% of total energy consumption of the processing factory. Therefore, improving the crushing efficiency of the crusher can reduce the processing costs. The ultilization of suitable technology and equipment is the key to improve the crushing quality and efficiency.
1.1 Single cycle crushing process: this process can use hammer mill with magnifying mesh and a plane rotary sieve or vibrating screen. Materials are left on the sieve after crushing by the grading sieve and transported back to the original crusher for crushing. The undersize materials can directly sent into the batching bin. The ultilization of enlarged sieve can increase the material flow so as to reduce the energy consumption. This process can save electricity of 26% ~ 40% than primary crushing process and the yield can be improved for 34% ~ 50%.
1.2 Secondary crushing process: the process adopts two hammer mills or the combination of roller crusher and hammer crusher. Materials are usually classified after coarse crushing by the first crusher. Coarse grain would be crushed again by the hammer mill. This process can eliminate the impact on the efficiency of the crusher caused by material return of single cycle process. And the excellent characteristics of the roller crusher can be given full play in the combination, which not only saves energy, but reduces the noise and easy to adjust the product fineness. This process can achieve the same process effect as the single cycle process.
2. Material conveying after crushing. Mechanical transport (with wind suction) is used for conveying the crushed materials.
The particle size of product is increased correspondingly after the second crushing process. With the growing output of the crusher, the lifting equipment and the horizontal conveying equipment must have the corresponding conveying capacity.
3. Using automatic control feeder. When the crusher is working in optimum condition, the feeding of materials should be uniform on ensuring the maximum workload to make the crusher in efficient and stable operation. When using automatic feeding control device, the feeding speed can be adjusted according to the moisture content, characteristics, fiber and other content of materials to make the current of motor working under rated load. The feeder can achieve the optimum load control of the crusher to reduce the power consumption of pellet mill and improve the output of the crusher.
4. Ultilization of new type crusher. Vertical shaft crusher is used in wood plants in Europe recently, and compared with the horizontal hammer mill, its obvious superiority is shown gradually. Vertical crusher omits auxiliary suction system that solves the improper allocation of suction system and low efficiency caused by the failure of wind suction system in traditional process and reduces the loss of water. The machine is also equipped with quick screen changing system, multi feed and fast loading and unloading mechanism of hammer. A temperature sensor and a vibration sensor are arranged inside the machine to monitor the working status of the crusher. The vertical crusher can increase the yield of more than 25% and save more than 30% of the energy. It becomes more and more popular among users. There are many factors affecting the crushing efficiency. Full consideration on the equipment selection and process layout is an important way to improve the quality and efficiency of the crusher.
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